Capitalization of Knowledge - Innovation Processes in Transitional Countries

. Capitalization of knowledge is the driver of knowledge economy. These processes are implemented through management and innovations embedding scientific research with technological innovation and patents and their commercial exploitation [1] [4] This article considers the capitalization of knowledge in transition countries through: a) the number of granted patents and patents application, b) the rate and structure of financing scientific and developmental research (R&D) and c) the human resources in the sector of science and technology all comparisons have been made with developed European countries and leading countries of the world. A patent is a device used to protect the intellectual property of a person who designs, invents or cultivates an original work of special value. While it is mainly considered an intellectual property protection, the patent will also express the real property described in the document. In most cases, patent protection is a key part of any new invention [5] There is no unique world database of patents. Patents are registered on a national patent office level and on the international level. The most important databases are the US Patent & Trademark Office (USPTO), the European Patent Office (EPO) and the Japan Patent Office (JPO).